Biosatellite III / Primate Experiment Capsule

BIO3-3.4

Title of Study

Digital Computer Analysis of Neurophysiological Data from Biosatellite III

Science Discipline

Regulatory Physiology

Investigator
Institute
W.R. Adey
University of California, Los Angeles
 
 
Co-Investigators
Institute
Walter, D.O.
University of California, Los Angeles
Berkhout, J.I.
University of California, Los Angeles
Buchness, E.
University of California, Los Angeles
Kram, E.
University of California, Los Angeles
Rovner, L.
University of California, Los Angeles

Research Subjects

Macaca nemestrina (Pig-Tailed Monkey)

1 Flight Male

Ground Based Controls

4 Laboratory (Flight Backup Subjects)

Key Flight Hardware

Primate Life Support System; Primate Physiological Sensors

Objectives/Hypothesis

Two goals were formulated for computer analysis of Biosatellite III data: 1) a short term analysis to assist in animal monitoring and mission abort decisions and 2) a long-term analysis to support the general physiological studies, including circadian rhythm studies. Down-linked data for short-term analysis were available from telemetry captures at prime receiving stations in Quito, Ecuador; Lima, Peru; Santiago, Chile; and Fort Myers, Florida. Data for long-term analysis were available from the prime stations and many others following flight.

Approach or Method

Spectra and coherences were presented principally in the form of contour maps which compress much data into brief compass. Transient changes in the animal's responsive states, circadian rhythms in neuro-electric parameters, and the general course of EEG are represented in one, highly compressed set of maps. Short term analysis and transmission of output graphs to Mission Control was initiated within seven hours of the data's generation in space. A composite map of EEG spectral intensity contours from insertion of the animal into the capsule to de-orbit was obtained by plotting contours across 180 data-capture epochs occurring at irregular intervals approximately 1.5 hours apart. In this mapping, the left parietal cortex was representative of the four cortical channels, and the left amygdala was representative of the six deep bipolar leads. A total of 46,270 seconds of "long- term" data was processed in ten-second epochs, for these and other maps.

Results

Launch was a mildly traumatic event for the animal, intensity contours show alterations during the two hours immediately following launch, then return to stable, prelaunch levels. Visible spectral peaks on the left parietal channel on days two, three, four, and five suggest that the animal was aroused during per- formance tasks, although the actual performance was quite low. The animal appears to have had a functionally intact cortex until flight day six, and to have had a functional cortical impairment on flight days seven and eight. This was compatible with a minimal response to alterations of light versus dark and with maintenance of normal subcortical electrical activity. The animal became grossly pathological and unresponsive on flight day nine, when the mission was terminated. Considerable fluctuations in spectral intensity persisted within certain frequency bands. This pathological state resembled, but was not identical with, a state of acute hypothermia under anesthesia. Death occurred eight hours after recovery, the acute cause being ventricular fibrillation.

Publications

Experiment Reference Number: BIO3-3.4

Adey, W.R. and P.M. Hahn: Introduction: Biosatellite III Results. Aerospace Medicine, vol. 42, 1971, pp. 273-280.

Adey, W.R. et al.: Biosatellite III: Preliminary Findings. Science, vol. 166, 1969, pp. 492-493.

Adey, W.R. et al.: Central Nervous, Cardiovascular, and Metabolic Data of a Macaca nemestrina During a 30-Day Experiment. Circadian Rhythms in Non-Human Primates, 2nd Symposium International Congress of Primatology, Atlanta, Ga., July 2, 1968, Emory University, 1969, pp. 8-38.

Adey, W.R. et al: Digital Computer Analysis of Neurophysiological Data from Biosatellite III. Aerospace Medicine, vol. 42, 1971, pp. 314-321.

Adey, W.R.: Studies on Weightlessness in a Primate in the Biosatellite III Experiment. Life Sciences and Space Research: Proceedings of the 14th Plenary Meeting of COSPAR, Seattle, Wash., June 21-July 2, 1971, Akademie-Verlag, 1972, pp. 67-85

Walter, D.O.: Digital Computer Analysis of Neurophysiological Data from Biosatellite III. Aerospace Medicine, vol. 42, 1971, pp. 314-321.

Walter, D.O. et al.: Digital Computer Analysis of Neurophysiological Data from Biosatellite III. BIOSPEX: Biological Space Experiments, NASA TM-58217, 1979, p. 136.

¥ = publication of related ground-based study